1、教授学者们通常会规范写作标准，制定如何撰写硕博士论文与学术文章以及格式要求。学术界所评定的标准植基于以何种撰写方式会被认可，何种撰写方式则会被拒绝。本专栏提出「12个获得学术认可的论文撰写技巧」，帮助你写出符合规范与认可标准的文章。The community of scholars has rules that govern how dissertations, theses and other academic papers are composed and formatted. Academic convention has established what is acceptable and what is not. Following is one of 12 recommendations to help you submit a conventional and acceptable paper.
2、Tip 2 – Research your topic技巧二：研究选定主题Papers written for university faculty members have a higher threshold for acceptance than do papers at lower levels. They must be more sophisticated in their approach to a topic, more complex in their argumentation, more convincing in their conclusion. Students comfortable with padding text, slyly using larger fonts, and cribbing the work of others should discard the tricks.硕博士论文获得认可的门槛比一般学术文章来得严格，包括精确的主题，细腻的论证，以及具说服力的结论等等。学生们必须摒除以往写作的不良习惯，像是赘词充斥、字体加大、节录相关论文超量等等。
3、The place to start forming good habits in the writing of academic papers is before the writing begins. Exacting research is the foundation of an acceptable paper. It is in this process that the structure of an argument is gathered and the weight of evidence is toted up . Building anything—whether house or academic paper—is greatly facilitated by having the materials for building it.开始论文写作的第一步，是培养正确的写作习惯。严谨的研究是学术论文的基础，过程包括建立论点的架构以及引导论证的重要性。不论是建造房屋或是写作论文，都必须具备好的建材与题材才能算是准备就绪。
4、This is not possible to do, however, if the author of the paper doesn't leave enough time. A serious writer does not wait until the last moment to begin researching a paper. That is like waiting until a few days before a concert to rehearse the music. Sometimes the music is more difficult than anticipated—or a topic more complex than imagined. Leave time to do the work.一旦没有预留足够的时间，是很难在短时间内成就一篇好的论文。负责任的作者不会等到最后一刻才开始花时间研究、寻找题材。就如同音乐会即将演奏之际才开始进行演练，其演出成果之拙劣恐难预料；对学术论文来说，主题的专业与复杂度更超乎一般人想像。所以，预留充裕时间撰写论文，是很重要的。
5、Begin your exploration with focused intent, but an open mind. At the outset of your search, do not dismiss as unimportant any reasonably pertinent found information. Until the parameters of an argument have been firmly established, relevant material should be saved. Weeding of the information and categorizing of the best of it can follow as the focus of the paper sharpens.研究主题时，除了专注，同时要保持开放态度。搜集资讯过程中，不要草率放弃任何相关主题的资讯。在论点尚未得到完整论据的支持作为后盾之前，相关资讯都应保留下来。当题材搜集就绪后，才进行资讯增删分类、去芜存菁的阶段。
6、Be purposeful in conducting the research. The essential goal is to uncover substantive, factual material that affirms your argument. But material that undermines the argument also should be consciously noted so that it can be refuted or offset by other evidence. Always select sources that will withstand academic scrutiny, and always gather firm evidence that is difficult to dispute.研究过程中需要果断力。研究目的在于找出真凭实据以支持你的论点。当警觉到某个发现将削弱你的论点时，必须找出相对应的论据加以反驳。永远记住对于搜寻的资讯要详细的验证，力求牢不可破的实据。
7、Take notes during a search that truly will inform on subsequent reading. Cryptic notes can later mislead or baffle the researcher. Double-check citations to ensure they are accurately recorded. Roughly categorize the material as it is collected for easier access when outlining the paper. Finally, step back, look for weak points and, if necessary, search for final, buttressing material.勤作笔记能帮助阅读大量搜集资讯时的资料汇整，但含糊的笔记将误导、阻碍研究者的研究方向与成果。重覆检查节录的引言确保引据正确无误；资讯概略的分类有助于勾勒论文纲要。最后，记得再次验证薄弱的论点，有必要时，再搜证一次以获得最完整的论据支持。
