中学英语必知冠词用法
一、不定冠词的用法
1.用在可数名词前表示“一个”,含义上相当于“on髫潋啜缅e”。如:
There is a cup on the desk.
2. 不定冠词可用在专有名词前,使其普通化。如:
Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso.
3. 与单数可数名词连用,表示某一类人或事物;亦可泛指某类人或事物中的“任何一个”。如:
It is generally accepted that a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man.
4. 用在某些固定词组中。如:
all of a sudden, as a matter of fact, as a result, in a word, go out for a walk, have a good time, make a difference, make a living, pay a visit to, a good knowledge of等。
5. 用在抽象名词前,表示“某件……的事或某个……的人”,即抽象名词具体化。如:
It is a pleasure to talk with you.
6. 在序数词前加不定冠词,表示“再一,又一”。如:
She tried a third time and succeeded.
7. 表示季节、月份、日期、三餐的名词或表示世界上独一无二事物的名词前如有形容词修饰时,常在其前加不定冠词表示泛指。如:
The accident happened on a rainy Sunday towards the end of July.
二、定冠词的用法
1. 用于特指一定的人或事物或上下文提到的人或事物。如:
Take your time — it’s just a short distance from here to the restaurant.
2. 用于单数名词前,表示某一类别或某项发明。如:
The tiger is a dangerous animal.
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
3. 用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如:
Is there intelligent life elsewhere in the universe?
4. 用在由普通名词构成的国家、党派等专有名词前以及表示江、河、湖、海、山川、群岛等的名词前。如:
As is known to all, the People’s Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.
5. 用在序数词前、形容词最高级前或用于特指“两者中较……的一个”。如:
As is known to all, the People’s Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.
6. 用在方位名词前、某些习惯用语或表示时间的词组中。如:
on the left, in the east / west, on the other hand, in the end, in the morning等。
7. 用在形容词或分词前表示一类人。如:
the poor / rich / dying / young / living / wounded等。
8. 用在姓氏复数形式前,表示全家人或夫妇二人。如:
The Smiths are sitting at the table。
三、零冠词(不用冠词的情况)
1. 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词和表示人名、地名等名词前,通常不用冠词。如:
Wash your hands with water.
Failure is the mother of success.
John is from America.
2. 可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格限制时,不用冠词。如:
Jack’s English book is lying on his desk.
3. 表示季节、月份、星期、节日、一日三餐的名词前,通常不用冠词。如:
We’re going to watch a match on Sunday.
4. 表示职务、头衔的名词作表语、同位语、补足语等时,其前不用冠词。如:
Obama was elected president in 2008.
5. 表示体育运动项目、学科、运输或通讯方式等的名词前,不用冠词。如:
We went right round the west coast by sea instead of driving across the continent.
6. 复数名词表泛指时,不加冠词。如:
Computers are widely used in our daily life.
